X chromosome
Recent articles
Accounting for a mosaic of sex differences: Q&A with Nicola Grissom
Breaking the binary view of sex traits can enable researchers to represent the broader complexity of behavior and cognition.
![Illustration of X and Y chromosomes against a psychedelic, checkered pattern.](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1200_GenderQA-1-1024x692.png)
Accounting for a mosaic of sex differences: Q&A with Nicola Grissom
Breaking the binary view of sex traits can enable researchers to represent the broader complexity of behavior and cognition.
Turner syndrome tied to autism
Most people with the X-linked syndrome have autism traits, and about one-quarter meet diagnostic criteria for the condition.
![Two teenage girls sit next to each other on a couch, one looking at a cell phone while the other uses a tablet computer.](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/202301-Mental-health-female-autism-844.jpg)
Turner syndrome tied to autism
Most people with the X-linked syndrome have autism traits, and about one-quarter meet diagnostic criteria for the condition.
Silenced X chromosome genes reawaken in new mouse model
The new animal line could accelerate the discovery of gene-activating therapies for the autism-linked condition Rett syndrome.
![](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/epigenetics_844.png)
Silenced X chromosome genes reawaken in new mouse model
The new animal line could accelerate the discovery of gene-activating therapies for the autism-linked condition Rett syndrome.
Huda Zoghbi: Taking genetic inquiry to the next level
Over the course of a career spanning more than three decades, Huda Zoghbi has won almost every major biology and neuroscience research award that exists. More than 20 years since she discovered the gene behind Rett syndrome, she remains laser focused on unlocking the condition’s secrets and finding effective treatments.
![Dr. Huda Zoghbi portrait](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/DrZoghbiSideB844.jpg)
Huda Zoghbi: Taking genetic inquiry to the next level
Over the course of a career spanning more than three decades, Huda Zoghbi has won almost every major biology and neuroscience research award that exists. More than 20 years since she discovered the gene behind Rett syndrome, she remains laser focused on unlocking the condition’s secrets and finding effective treatments.
Alternative gene-therapy approaches take aim at Rett syndrome
Methods that selectively increase levels of the Rett protein make for safer and more effective treatment strategies, some researchers say.
![lab technician pipetting in dramatic light](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/LabScenewide-844.jpg)
Alternative gene-therapy approaches take aim at Rett syndrome
Methods that selectively increase levels of the Rett protein make for safer and more effective treatment strategies, some researchers say.
Gene expression maps reveal origins of brain changes from autism mutations
A new study pinpoints the genes and cell types that may underlie the atypical brain structure seen in people with genetic conditions linked to autism.
![Brain images color-coded to show structural changes in autism.](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/20200821-NeurogeneticDisorders-844b.jpg)
Gene expression maps reveal origins of brain changes from autism mutations
A new study pinpoints the genes and cell types that may underlie the atypical brain structure seen in people with genetic conditions linked to autism.
A quest for Quincy: Gene therapies come of age for some forms of autism
A gene therapy for Angelman syndrome stands at the forefront of efforts to treat autism-linked conditions that stem from single genes.
![Ralf Schmid, the research director in Neurodevelopmental diseases at the Gene Therapy Program Orphan Disease Center, loads replicated mouse dna into wells in the gel before applying electric current to test the viability of the dna.](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/20201014-GTLablede844-1.jpg)
A quest for Quincy: Gene therapies come of age for some forms of autism
A gene therapy for Angelman syndrome stands at the forefront of efforts to treat autism-linked conditions that stem from single genes.
Method unravels Rett mutation’s effects on specific brain cells
A new technique may reveal how mutations on the X chromosome alter various types of cells in the brain.
![](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/20190104-RettRNA-844jpg.jpg)
Method unravels Rett mutation’s effects on specific brain cells
A new technique may reveal how mutations on the X chromosome alter various types of cells in the brain.
New mouse model paves way for Rett syndrome treatments
A new line of female mice may enable researchers to test gene-based therapies for Rett syndrome.
![](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/201808-RettMouse-844.jpg)
New mouse model paves way for Rett syndrome treatments
A new line of female mice may enable researchers to test gene-based therapies for Rett syndrome.
CRISPR tweak fixes genetic flaw in fragile X syndrome
A modified version of the genetic engineering tool CRISPR may restore expression of the gene mutated in fragile X syndrome.
![Deleting DNA repeats from fragile X neurons restores expression (right, red) of the gene silenced in the syndrome.](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Slide1rightpanels.jpg)
CRISPR tweak fixes genetic flaw in fragile X syndrome
A modified version of the genetic engineering tool CRISPR may restore expression of the gene mutated in fragile X syndrome.
Explore more from The Transmitter
Cell population in brainstem coordinates cough, new study shows
The work also adds to a growing body of evidence showing that mice, and their genetic toolbox, can be used to study cough.
![](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/1200_coughingmice-1024x720.webp)
Cell population in brainstem coordinates cough, new study shows
The work also adds to a growing body of evidence showing that mice, and their genetic toolbox, can be used to study cough.
In updated U.S. autism bill, Congress calls for funding boost, expanded scope
The current Autism CARES Act sunsets in late September.
![Capitol building](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/capitolhill-1200-1024x692.webp)
In updated U.S. autism bill, Congress calls for funding boost, expanded scope
The current Autism CARES Act sunsets in late September.
Ketamine targets lateral habenula, setting off cascade of antidepressant effects
The drug’s affinity for overactive cells in the “anti-reward” region may help explain its rapid and long-lasting results.
![Illustration of ketamine blocking open ion channels in active NMDA receptors, quieting the cells and disrupting downstream signaling involved in depression.](https://www.thetransmitter.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/1200-ketamine-receptor-transmitter-neuroscience-1024x683.webp)
Ketamine targets lateral habenula, setting off cascade of antidepressant effects
The drug’s affinity for overactive cells in the “anti-reward” region may help explain its rapid and long-lasting results.