Theoretical neuroscience

Recent articles

Romain Brette reveals fundamental flaws in commonly assumed neuroscience concepts

His new book, “The Brain, In Theory,” offers alternatives to many of the computer science frameworks currently driving theoretical neuroscience.

By Paul Middlebrooks
8 April 2026 | 131 min listen
Book cover of The Brain, In Theory by Romain Brette.

‘The Brain, In Theory,’ an excerpt

In his new book, Brette pushes back against theories that describe the brain as a “biological computer.” In this excerpt from Chapter 4, he challenges equating brain evolution with programming, and the universality of neural network models.

By Romain Brette
7 April 2026 | 5 min read

What a bird’s-eye view of half a million papers reveals about neuroscience

New research uses artificial-intellligence-driven bibliometrics to map the structural organization of neuroscience across 25 years. The field it reveals is at once thriving and theoretically adrift.

By Mac Shine
6 April 2026 | 36 min watch

Tomaso Poggio on his quest for theories to explain the fundamental learning abilities of brains and machines

Thus far, engineering has outpaced theory in the science of intelligence. But Poggio is hopeful that theories can catch up.

By Paul Middlebrooks
14 January 2026 | 1 min read
Illustration of a simple circuit.

Not playing around: Why neuroscience needs toy models

Amid the rise of billion-parameter models, I argue that toy models, with just a few neurons, remain essential—and may be all neuroscience needs.

By Marcus Ghosh
22 December 2025 | 6 min read
Speech bubbles and images of a brain overlaid on a globe.

A community-designed experiment tests open questions in predictive processing

More than 50 scientists came together to identify the key missing data needed to rigorously test theoretical models.

By Jérôme Lecoq
12 November 2025 | 6 min read
Illustration of a series of floating pools of water overflowing into each other.

The missing half of the neurodynamical systems theory

Bifurcations—an underexplored concept in neuroscience—can help explain how small differences in neural circuits give rise to entirely novel functions.

By Xiao-Jing Wang
27 October 2025 | 8 min read

Ann Kennedy explains the theoretical neuroscience of survival behaviors

The Scripps neuroscientist calls for a broader theoretical neuroscience approach in her area of research, which focuses on how the subcortex bridges life and cognition.

By Paul Middlebrooks
24 September 2025 | 1 min read

Xaq Pitkow shares his principles for studying cognition in our imperfect brains and bodies

Pitkow discusses how evolution's messy constraints shape optimal brain algorithms, from Bayesian inference to ecological affordances.

By Paul Middlebrooks
27 August 2025 | 1 min read
Illustration of a brain made up of ones and zeros.

Long-standing theoretical neuroscience fellowship program loses financial support

Funding from the Swartz and Sloan Foundations helped bring physicists and mathematicians into neuroscience for more than 30 years.

By Calli McMurray
26 August 2025 | 5 min read

Explore more from The Transmitter

Error equation predicts brain’s ability to generalize

Four statistical measurements of neural network geometry capture how well brains and artificial networks use what they already know to solve new problems, a study suggests.

By Natalia Mesa
10 April 2026 | 5 min read

Embrace complexity to improve the translatability of basic neuroscience

Researchers must learn to view heterogeneity as an essential feature of the systems they study and a central consideration in experimental design, not a variable to control for or reduce.

By Linda Douw, Klaus Eyer, Lara Keuck
9 April 2026 | 5 min read

Arboreal deer mice reveal neural roots of dexterity

The rodents offered researchers an opportunity to link genetically driven changes in corticospinal abundance and morphology to climbing cachet.

By Siddhant Pusdekar
8 April 2026 | 0 min watch