Headshot of Joshua Sanes.

Joshua R. Sanes

Professor emeritus of molecular and cellular biology, Harvard University;
Contributing editor, The Transmitter

Joshua Sanes is professor of molecular and cellular biology and founding director of the Center for Brain Science at Harvard University. He and his colleagues study the formation of synapses. They have also pioneered new ways to mark and manipulate neurons and the synapses they form.

For the past 20 years, Sanes and his team have focused on the retina, in which specific patterns of connections form the complex circuits that underlie the initial steps in visual perception. Most recently, they have extended this work to comprehensive classification of retinal cell types in multiple species, including humans. Sanes received a B.A. from Yale University and a Ph.D. from Harvard University. He served on the faculty of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, for more than 20 years before returning to Harvard in 2004.

He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. His work has been published in more than 400 papers, and he has been honored with the Schuetze Award, the Gruber Neuroscience Prize, the Cowan Award, the Perl-UNC Neuroscience Prize and the Edward M. Scolnick Prize in Neuroscience, as well as an honorary doctoral degree from Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Israel.

Explore more from The Transmitter

Mouse cortical organoid.

Hasty stem cells highlight potential limitation with cortical organoids

The models recapitulate many key developmental processes, but some radial glial cells in mouse organoids make neurons earlier than they should.

By Giorgia Guglielmi
22 September 2026 | 4 min read
Illustration of an open journal featuring lines of text and small illustrations of eyes and mouths.

Two populations of neurons, two effects on sociability; and more

Here is a roundup of autism-related news and research spotted around the web for the week of 21 September.

By Jill Adams
22 September 2026 | 2 min read

Finding the Rett syndrome gene and ways to fix it

Kevin Mitchell talks with Huda Zoghbi about her work identifying the MECP2 gene, its role in the brain and therapies to address its dysfunction.

By Kevin Mitchell
21 September 2026 | 4 min read