The future of fMRI

Recent articles

This series of essays explores new developments and challenges in human brain imaging.

Illustration of a brain with a window opening into it.

To understand the brain as a network organ, we must image cortical layers

Human neuroscience research has largely overlooked this spatial scale—which bridges cells and brain areas. But new advances in functional MRI technology are changing that.

By Laurentius Huber
2 June 2025 | 6 min read
fMRI scans exiting a grain silo.

To make a meaningful contribution to neuroscience, fMRI must break out of its silo

We need to develop research programs that link phenomena across levels, from genes and molecules to cells, circuits, networks and behavior.

By Avram Holmes
8 April 2025 | 6 min read
Illustration of a toolbox with some tools replaced with lines of code.

New tools help make neuroimaging accessible to more researchers

A lack of programming experience can derail experimental aspirations. But custom software packages, web-based applications and video tutorials make functional MRI concepts easier to grasp.

By Andrew Jahn
5 March 2025 | 5 min read
A hand holds multi-colored cubes.

Should we use the computational or the network approach to analyze functional brain-imaging data—why not both?

Emerging methods make it possible to combine the two tactics from opposite ends of the analytic spectrum, enabling scientists to have their cake and eat it too.

By Mac Shine
13 May 2024 | 7 min read
Illustration of a hand reaching out to adjust a dial that sits in the middle of several images depicting brain activity and various behaviors.

To improve big data, we need small-scale human imaging studies

By insisting that every brain-behavior association study include hundreds or even thousands of participants, we risk stifling innovation. Smaller studies are essential to test new scanning paradigms.

By Emily S. Finn
15 April 2024 | 7 min read
An illustration of a mouse sitting in an armchair next to a framed picture of mouse brains

To make fMRI more clinically useful, we need to really get BOLD

A better understanding of the blood oxygen level dependent, or BOLD, signal requires more support for multimodal imaging studies.

By Evelyn Lake
22 January 2024 | 6 min read

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Explore more from The Transmitter

Tatiana Engel explains how to connect high-dimensional neural circuitry with low-dimensional cognitive functions

Neuroscientists have long sought to understand the relationship between structure and function in the vast connectivity and activity patterns in the brain. Engel discusses her modeling approach to discovering the hidden patterns that connect the two.

By Paul Middlebrooks
3 December 2025 | 1 min read

Beyond the algorithmic oracle: Rethinking machine learning in behavioral neuroscience

Machine learning should not be a replacement for human judgment but rather help us embrace the various assumptions and interpretations that shape behavioral research.

By Nedah Nemati, Matthew Whiteway
3 December 2025 | 7 min read
A see-through human brain with circuits inside it.

‘Wired for Words: The Neural Architecture of Language,’ an excerpt

In his new book, Hickok provides a detailed overview of the research into the circuits that control speech and language. In this excerpt from Chapter 5, he shares how meeting his colleague David Poeppel led to them developing the theory for bilateral speech perception.

By Gregory Hickok
2 December 2025 | 8 min read

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